View source for YM2203

{{Infobox Hardware
 | Title     = YM2203
 | Image     = YM2203C - Bare.jpg
 | Developer = [[Yamaha]]
 | Released  = c. 1984
 | Type      = Chip
 | Channels  = 1.) Square Wave/Noise<br />2.) Square Wave/Noise<br />3.) Square Wave/Noise<br />4.) FM Synthesis<br />5.) FM Synthesis<br />6.) FM Synthesis
}}

The '''YM2203''', known more colloquially as the '''OPN''', is an integrated circuit created by [[Yamaha]]. Specifically, it is a programmable sound generator which, in addition to implementing a [[YM2149|YM2149F]] (SSG), has three [[FM-synthesis]] channels. The YM2203 was primary used by [[NEC]] in their various home computer lines, and, to a lesser extent, [[Fujitsu]] and [[Sharp]]. It was also used in scores of arcade games. The YM2203 was usually paired with a [[YM3014]] DAC to convert the output.

The YM2203 generates sound via frequency-modulated digital sine waves. It included 12 operator "cells", each generating a 13-bit sine wave at a programmable frequency, the volume of which is controlled by a programmable ADSR envelope. The output of these cells could be either summed together by the mixer, or fed into the input of another cell, in 4-cell batches creating the final sound values or "channels". 4 operator cells per channel allowed a total of 8 different permutations of cell connections, known as "algorithms" or instrument patches. This resulted in 3 FM synthesis channels.

The OPN was the first of a line of chips which included the [[YM2608]] (OPNA), [[YM2610]] (OPNB), [[YM2612]] (OPN2), [[YM3438]] (OPN2C), and [[YMF288]] (OPN3).

==Devices==
The YM2203 was used on the following devices:

{| class="wikitable"
! Release
! Company
! Device
|-
| 1984-11-15
| [[NEC]]
| [[PC-6001]] mkII SR
|-
| 1984-11-20
| [[NEC]]
| [[PC-6601]] SR
|-
| 1984-??-??
| [[Fujitsu]]
| [[FM-7]] MB22459
|-
| 1985-01-??
| [[NEC]]
| [[PC-8001]] mkII SR
|-
| 1985-01-??
| [[NEC]]
| [[PC-8801]] SR
|-
| 1985-05-??
| [[Fujitsu]]
| [[FM-77]] L2
|-
| 1985-07-??
| [[NEC]]
| [[PC-9801-26]]
|-
| 1985-11-??
| [[NEC]]
| [[PC-8801]] FR
|-
| 1985-??-??
| [[Fujitsu]]
| [[FM-77]] AV
|-
| 1986-06-??
| [[NEC]]
| [[PC-9801]] UV2
|-
| 1986-11-??
| [[NEC]]
| [[PC-8801]] MH
|-
| 1986-11-??
| [[NEC]]
| [[PC-8801]] FH
|-
| 1986-11-??
| [[NEC]]
| [[PC-9801-26K]]
|-
| 1987-03-??
| [[NEC]]
| [[PC-8801]] VA
|-
| 1987-??-??
| [[Sharp]]
| [[MZ-2861]]
|-
| 1987-??-??
| [[Seiko-Epson]]
| [[PC-286]]
|-
| 1988-10-??
| [[NEC]]
| [[PC-8801]] FE
|-
| 1987-??-??
| [[Seiko-Epson]]
| [[PC-386]]
|-
| 1989-10-??
| [[NEC]]
| [[PC-8801]] FE2
|-
| 198?-??-??
| [[SNE]]
| [[Little Orchestra]]
|-
| 198?-??-??
| [[SNE]]
| [[Sound Orchestra]]
|-
| 1991-09-??
| [[NEC]]
| [[PC-9801]] DA, DA2
|}

==Games==
Scores of arcade games utilized the YM2203.

{{Collapse|List of Games}}
{| class="wikitable"
! Release
! Game
! Chip
! Sample
|-
| 1986-??-??
| [[Argus (ARC)]]
| YM2203 x2
| 
|-
| 1987-07-??
| [[1943: The Battle of Midway (ARC)]]
| YM2203C x2
| 
|-
| 1987-??-??
| [[Arkanoid: Revenge of DOH (ARC)]]
| YM2203
| 
|-
| 1987-??-??
| [[Avengers (ARC)]]
| YM2203 x2
| 
|-
| 1988-??-??
| [[Angel Kids (ARC)]]
| YM2203 x2
| 
|-
| 1988-??-??
| [[Ark Area (ARC)]]
| YM2203 x2
| 
|-
| 1988-??-??
| [[Bad Dudes vs. Dragonninja (ARC)]]
| YM2203
| Sound Effects Only
|-
| 1989-??-??
| [[Act-Fancer Cybernetick Hyper Weapon (ARC)]]
| YM2203
| 
|-
| 1989-??-??
| [[Albatross (ARC)]]
| YM2203
| 
|-
| 1990-??-??
| [[Air Buster: Trouble Specialty Raid Unit (ARC)]]
| YM2203
| 
|-
| 1990-??-??
| [[Ashita no Joe (ARC)]]
| YM2203
| 
|-
| 1991-??-??
| [[Acrobat Mission (ARC)]]
| YM2203
| 
|-
| 1994-??-??
| [[Arcadia (ARC)]]
| YM2203
| 
|}
{{Collapse End}}
* This list is incomplete.

==Picture Gallery==
<gallery>
YM2203C - On Board.jpg|A YM2203C mounted onto a PCB next to a [[YMF262]].
YM2203C - On a Capcom 1943 Board.jpg|Two YM2203Cs mounted onto the motherboard of [[1943: The Battle of Midway (ARC)]].
YM2203C - Paired with YM3014.jpg|Paired with a [[YM3014]].
YM2203 - Pin Out.png|Pinout.
YM2203 - Block Diagram.png|Block Diagram.
</gallery>

==Downloads==
{| class="wikitable"
! Document
! Download
|-
| Manual
| {{Download|YM2203 - Manual.pdf}}
|}

==Emulation Status==
The YM2203 has been emulated by MAME and most of the home computer emulators that support sound.

==Links==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamaha_YM2203 en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamaha_YM2203] - Wikipedia.